Tuesday, August 7, 2018

SOME COMMON SUPERSTITIONS (Intermediate) (EXERCISE I104E293)












A superstition is a belief in supernatural causality – that one event leads to another without anything physically linking the two events.

Logically, they are irrational and sometimes funny, but some people believe in them a great deal – and some people change their normal behavior to fit in with them.

Some superstitions, however, are actually quite sensible – it’s probably wise to not walk under a ladder.

Below are some common superstitions from the English speaking world.

(1)    Friday the thirteenth is an unlucky day.
(2)    A rabbit’s foot brings good luck.
(3)    An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
(4)    To find a four leaf clover is to find good luck.
(5)    If you walk under a ladder, you will have bad luck.
(6)    If a black cat crosses your path you will have bad luck.
(7)    To break a mirror will bring you seven years bad luck.
(8)    To open an umbrella in the house will bring bad luck.
(9)    To find a horse shoe brings good luck.
(10) At the end of a rainbow is a pot of gold.
(11) Clothes worn inside out will bring good luck.
(12) If you blow out the candles on your birthday cake with the first breath you will get  
 whatever you want.
(13) An itchy palm means money will come your way.
(14) A cat has nine lives.
(15) A cricket in the house brings good luck.
(16) Crossing your fingers helps avoid bad luck and helps a wish come true.
(17) A lock of hair from a baby’s first hair cut should be kept for good luck.
(18) A bird that comes into your house through a window brings bad luck.
(19) Goldfish in in a pond brings good luck.
(20) If the bottom of your feet itches, you will travel.
(21) A sailor wearing an ear ring cannot drown.
(22) To make a happy marriage a bride must wear something old, something new,  
  something borrowed and something blue.
(23) The wedding vail protects the bride from the evil eye.
(24) Washing a car will bring rain.
(25) To kill an albatross is to cause bad luck to the ship and all upon it.

Sunday, August 5, 2018

PURPOSE (Intermediate) (EXERCISE I103E292)












Definition:  The reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists.

Synonyms:  motive, motivation, grounds, cause, occasion, reason, point, basis, justification.


(1)   Match the questions on the left with the answers on the right.

(A)
Why did he have to get up early?
….
To take some books back.
(B)
Why did she go to Spain?
….
To change some money.
(C)
Why do they have to go to the library?
….
In order to have enough time to pack his bags.
(D)
Why did she decide to travel by car?
….
In order not to get lost.
(E)
Why did they have to go to the bank?
….
So as not to be late home.
(F)
Why did they take a map with them?
….
Because it was more comfortable than travelling by bus.
(G)
Why did she want a weekend job?
….
To earn money for her holiday.
(H)
Why did they catch an early train?
….
To learn Spanish.

   In Case: The reason or purpose why something is done when there is the 
                   possibility of a negative outcome.

(2)   May Morgan is going abroad (overseas). She is taking the following thing with her: some food, some writing paper and envelopes, a raincoat, some “after sun” oil, an international driving license, her camera, a medical kit, and a spare pair of ordinary glasses.

Why is May taking each of the above things? Fine the reason in the box below and make sentences using the phrase ‘in case’.

She might get sun burnt.            She breaks her glasses.     She gets hungry on the plane.   She might want to hire a car.     She becomes ill.                  It rains.                                              She might want to write some letters.        She wants to take some photographs.

Example:  She is taking some food in case she gets hungry on the plane.

(i)     ______________________________________________________________________.
(ii)    ______________________________________________________________________.
(iii)  ______________________________________________________________________.
(iv)  _____________________________________________________________________.
(v)   _____________________________________________________________________.
(vi)  _____________________________________________________________________.
(vii)_____________________________________________________________________.




ANSWERS: PURPOSE

Definition:  The reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists.

Synonyms:  motive, motivation, grounds, cause, occasion, reason, point, basis, justification.



(1)   Match the questions on the left with the answers on the right.

 A 
Why did he have to get up early?
(c)
To take some books back.
 B
Why did she go to Spain?
(e)
To change some money.
 C
Why do they have to go to the library?
(a)
In order to have enough time to pack his bags.
 D
Why did she decide to travel by car?
(f)
In order not to get lost.
 E
Why did they have to go to the bank?
(h)
So as not to be late home.
 F
Why did they take a map with them?
(d)
Because it was more comfortable than travelling by bus.
 G
Why did she want a weekend job?
(g)
To earn money for her holiday.
 H
Why did they catch an early train?
(b)
To learn Spanish.

      In Case: The reason or purpose why something is done when there is the 
                     possibility of a negative outcome.

(2)   May Morgan is going abroad (overseas). She is taking the following thing with her: some food, some writing paper and envelopes, a raincoat, some “after sun” oil, an international driving license, her camera, a medical kit, and a spare pair of ordinary glasses.

Why is May taking each of the above things? Fine the reason in the box below and make sentences using the phrase ‘in case’.

She might get sun burnt.            She breaks her glasses.     She gets hungry on the plane.   She might want to hire a car.     She becomes ill.                  It rains.                                              She might want to write some letters.        She wants to take some photographs.

Example:  She is taking some food in case she gets hungry on the plane.

(i)     She is taking some writing paper and envelopes in case she might want to write a letter.
(ii)    She is taking a raincoat in case it rains.
(iii)  She is taking some after sun oil in case she gets sun burnt.
(iv)   She is taking an international driving license in case she might want to hire a car.
(v)    She is taking her camera in case she wants to take some photographs.
(vi)   She is taking a medical kit in case she becomes ill.
(vii)    She is taking a spare pair of ordinary glasses in case she breaks her glasses.

TO PRINT

Thursday, August 2, 2018

THE STRENGTH OF THE WIND (Intermediate) (EXERCISE I102E291)












The international scale used to describe the strength of the wind was devised by Sir Francis Beaufort, a British admiral of the time of Nelson, and is known as the Beaufort scale. It rates wind from calm to hurricane.


Read the descriptions (not in order of strength) of the categories of wind and their effects on the land. Rate them on the Beaufort scale: 1-12.


Character of wind
Effects of wind inland
Scale

(A)

Gale

Twigs broken from trees, movement in open difficult.



(B)


Light Air


Calm, smoke rises vertically.


(C)

Gentle Breeze

Leaves and thin twigs move, pennants extend fully.



(D)

Strong Breeze

Thicker branches move, whistling in telephone lines, umbrellas difficult to use.



(E)


Light Breeze


Wind felt on face, leaves whisper, flags move.





(F)

Storm

Trees uprooted, major damage to houses.



(G)

Fresh Breeze

Small trees in leaf begin to sway, white horses on lakes.



(H)

Hurricane

Severe Destruction



(I)
Near Gale
Whole trees moving, resistance to movement against wind perceptible.


(J)

Violent Storm

Widespread damage.



(K)

Moderate Breeze

Paper and dust lifted, twigs and thin branches move.



(L)

Strong Gale

Minor damage to houses (awnings and T.V. aerials).




ANSWERS: THE STRENGTH OF THE WIND


Character of wind
Effects of wind inland
Scale

(A)

Gale

Twigs broken from trees, movement in open difficult.


8

(B)


Light Air


Calm, smoke rises vertically.

1

(C)

Gentle Breeze

Leaves and thin twigs move, pennants extend fully.


3

(D)

Strong Breeze

Thicker branches move, whistling in telephones line, umbrellas difficult to use.


6

(E)


Light Breeze


Wind felt on face, leaves whisper, flags move.


2


(F)

Storm

Trees uprooted, major damage to houses.


10

(G)

Fresh Breeze

Small trees in leaf begin to sway, white horses on lakes.


5

(H)

Hurricane

Severe Destruction


12


(I)



Near Gale



Whole trees moving, resistance to movement against wind perceptible.


7



(J)

Violent Storm

Widespread damage.


11

(K)

Moderate Breeze

Paper and dust lifted, twigs and thin branches move.


4

(L)

Strong Gale

Minor damage to houses (awnings and T.V. aerials).


9