GRAMMAR RULE
The present perfect is formed from the present tense of the verb have and the past
participle of a verb:
We use the present perfect tense:
(1) * For something that started in the past and continues in the present:
'They have been married for nearly fifty
years.'
(2) * For something we have done several
times in the past and continue to do:
'I have played the guitar ever since I was
a teenager.'
(3) * When we are talking about
our experience up to the present:
'My last birthday was the worst day I have
ever had.'
(4) * For something that happened in the past
but is important at the time of
speaking:
'I cannot get in the house. I have lost my
keys.'
We use the present perfect of be when someone has gone to a place and returned:
A: Where have you been?
B: I’ve just been out to the supermarket.
But when someone has not returned
we use have/has gone:
A: Where is Maria? I
haven’t seen her for weeks.
B: She's gone to Paris
for a week. She’ll be back tomorrow.
We often use the present perfect with time
adverbials which refer to the recent
past: just; only just; recently; or adverbials which
include the present: ever
(in
questions); so far; until now; up to now;
yet (in questions and negatives).
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Complete these conversations with the present
perfect.
1. (A) ___________________ you ever ____________________
(get) a traffic ticket?
(B) Yes, I _______________________. Once I got a
ticket that cost me $50.
2. (A) ______________ you ever __________ (be) late
for an important appointment?
(B) Yes, I _____________. I was 30 minutes late
for my wedding.
3. (A) __________________ you ever ______________________
(lose) your keys?
(B) Yes, I ____________________. I lost them
twice last month.
4. (A) __________________ you ever __________________
(see) a house on fire?
(B) No, I ____________________. But I saw a car
on fire the other day.
5. (A) _____________ you ever ______________
(forget) where you parked your car?
(B) No, I _____________________, but my brother
always does. It drives him crazy!
ANSWERS: PRESENT (TWO) PERFECT
Complete these conversations with the present
perfect.
1. (A) Have you ever gotten (get) a traffic ticket?
(B) Yes, I have. Once I got a ticket that cost me $50.
2. (A) Have you
ever been (be)
late for an important appointment?
(B) Yes, I have. I was 30 minutes late for my wedding.
3. (A) Have you ever lost (lose) your keys?
(B) Yes, I have. I lost them twice last month.
4. (A) Have you ever seen (see)
a house on fire?
(B) No, I have not.
But I saw a car on fire the other day.
5. (A) Have you ever forgotten (forget)
where you parked your car?
(B) No, I have not, but my brother always does. It drives him crazy!
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