Present Perfect:
The Present Perfect is used to link the present and the past. It
is used:
1. To talk about an action which, started in the past and
continues today. For and since are used to
express duration.
◊ I have
lived here for 10 years. I have lived here since 1998.
(I arrived here 10 years ago and I am
still here.)
2. To refer to past events in an unfinished period of time :
◊ I have written two letters today.
(Two letters are written but day is not finished.)
3. To talk about recent events that have just happened or been
announced :
◊ There has been a plane crash near the coast.
(We know the event took place but
we don't know when.)
4. To talk about a past action with a result in the present :
◊ I've broken my arm. I can't drive. (= because my arm is broken now)
5. To talk and ask about experiences or accomplishments up to the
time
of speaking, but at no specific time.
"I'm a writer. I've written 9 books."
"Have you ever written a
biography?" "No never."
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Past Simple:
The Past Simple is used to talk about past events which happened in a
finished
period of time. It is used:
1. When the period of time is finished :
◊ I wrote two letters yesterday. (Yesterday is finished.)
2. When the time is mentioned, either a precise time in the past,
or a time expression which clearly situates the event in the past:
◊ I lived in the country
... until the age of 6
... when I was
young
... from 1985 to
1992
... before we moved
to London
... a long time ago
NB : As a general rule, if you can
answer the question "when?", use the Past Simple
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EXERCISES: PRESENT
PERFECT OR PAST SIMPLE?
1.
Put the verbs into the correct tense
(simple past or present perfect simple).
(A) Tom (go)____________________ to the cinema
yesterday.
(B) John is playing a game of tennis. He (play)_____________________
for 2 hours.
(C) I (book)_______________ the tickets two weeks ago
for the concert in Vienna.
(D) The teacher (speak)______________ English since the
beginning of this lesson.
(E) In your life, how many countries (you-visit) ____________________________?
(F) The Bank (open)______________ a branch in new
shopping center last month.
(G) The bus was late and Julie was cold. She (wait)______________
for 10 minutes.
(H) Caroline (work)___________________________ here between
2003 and 2006.
(I) Before boarding, John (buy)________________ a book to
read during the flight.
(J) So far today, I (learn) _______________________
several new words in English.
(A)
Mary (win) ___________________ the lottery last year.
(B) James (find) __________________ your ring in
his garden yesterday.
(C) He (come / just)
______________________ home.
(D) They (buy)
________________________ their car two years ago.
(E) I (see / not) _________________________ anyone yet.
(F) Peter (go)
________________ to the zoo yesterday.
(G) She (arrive /not) ____________________________ yet.
(H) Kathryn (visit) ________________________ us at home last week.
3. Questions: Put the verbs into the correct
tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
(A) (you /read) ___________________________
the book yet?
(B) How many letters (they /
write) __________________________ so far?
(C) When (he / tell) ______________________ you that?
(D) How often (you / travel)
___________________________ aboard till now?
(E) (you /be)
_________________________ at home last night?
ANSWERS: PRESENT PERFECT – PAST SIMPLE
1.
Put the verbs into the correct tense
(simple past or present perfect simple).
(A) Tom (go) went to the cinema yesterday.
(B) John is playing a game of tennis. He (play) played
for 2 hours.
(C) I (book) booked the tickets two weeks ago for the
concert in Vienna.
(D) The teacher (speak) has been English since the
beginning of this lesson.
(E) In your life, how many countries (you-visit) have you
visited?
(F) The Bank (open) opened a branch in new
shopping center last month.
(G) The bus was late and Julie was cold. She (wait) had waited an extra 10 minutes.
(H) Caroline (work) worked here between 2013 and 2016.
(I) Before boarding, John (buy) bought a book to read
during the flight.
(J) So far today, I (learn) learnt several
new words in English.
(A)
Mary (win) won the lottery last year.
(B) James (find) found your ring in his
garden yesterday.
(C) He (come / just) has just come home.
(D) They (buy) bought their car two years
ago.
(E) I (see / not) have
not seen anyone yet.
(F) Peter (go) went to the zoo
yesterday.
(G)
She (arrive /not) has not arrived yet.
(H) Kathryn (visit) visited us at home
last week.
3. Questions: Put the verbs into the correct
tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
(A) (you /read) Have you
read the book yet?
(B) How many letters (they / write)
have you written so far?
(C) When (he / tell) did he
tell you that?
(D) How often (you / travel) have
you travelled aboard till now?
(E) (you /be) Were you
at home last night?
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